![]() ![]() Parental Investment: precocial female parental care pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female) pre-hatching/birth (Protecting: Female) pre-weaning/fledging (Protecting: Female) The young spiderlings then disperse and must care for themselves. Female zebra spiders guard their young until after the young have had their second molt. The mother closely guards the eggs until they hatch. Salticid species keep their eggs in a cocoon spun from silk. Key Reproductive Features: seasonal breeding gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate) sexual fertilization (Internal ) oviparous It is likely that, as with most temperate spider species, females reach maturity at some point in their first year of life, with males maturing somewhat earlier.īreeding interval: Zebra spiders breed once yearly Specific information about number of offspring and time from egg deposition to independence is currently unavailable, as is information regarding time to sexual maturity. Zebra spiders breed in spring and early summer. While still facing the female, the male climbs on top of her, and she orients her abdomen so that he can insert sperm into her genital opening. If the female accepts the male, she crouches down, thereby signaling that the male may approach her. During the dance, the female watches the male. A male spider will dance in a zigzag pattern moving his pedipalps, front legs, and abdomen. Males use the stripped markings on their legs to attract a female. This is a visual ritual relying heavily on eyesight. Sexual Dimorphism: female larger sexes colored or patterned differently sexes shaped differentlyĪll salticid spiders have courtship rituals in which the male performs for the female. Other Physical Features: ectothermic heterothermic bilateral symmetry venomous These hairs increase the surface area of the feet and work by adhesive forces, which allows jumping spiders to stick to smooth, vertical substrates. The scopulae located on the bottom of their feet are particularly dense and are the only part of the spiders' body that touches the substrate. They have cushions of hair called scopulae on their legs and feet. The eyes in the second row provide vision in the forward direction while the final row of eyes allow the spider to look upward. This is a characteristic of spiders in the family Salticidae. The ALE (anterior lateral eyes) are smaller than the AME and are located in the first row of eyes. The main AME (anterior median eyes), which are located in the center of the first row of eyes, are extremely large and are used for binocular vision. These spiders have eight eyes arranged in three rows, with two pairs of eyes in the front row and one pair in each of the other rows. In males, the chelicerae are larger than in females and extend almost horizontally. Males have a more elaborate striping pattern on their legs. The abdomen is longer and narrower than the cephalothorax. They have 3-4 white stripes on their abdomens those at the base of the abdomen are complete, while those in the middle are narrow or broken. Females are larger than males and usually range from 4-6.5 mm while males range from 4-5.5 mm. Zebras spiders are small, ranging from 4-7 mm in size. Perception Channels: visual tactile acoustic vibrations chemical Other Communication Modes: pheromones vibrations Females release sex pheromones to attract males.Ĭommunication Channels: visual tactile chemical Tasting occurs when a spider's contact chemoreceptors, located on the legs and palps, come into contact with a substance of a high concentration, while volatile substances can be sensed by olfaction in smaller concentrations. Spiders can also perceive their environment through senses of smell and taste. Prey items such as flies produce high frequency vibrations compared to background noise. While hunting, salticids can recognize their prey based on the vibrations the animal creates when it lands on the substrate. ![]() ![]() Vibrations and chemical stimuli are also used in hunting and communications. Visual stimuli are used in hunting, courtship rituals, and to escape from predators. They have well-developed retinas that move independently of each other, and large lenses. Unlike those of most spiders, which can only perceive motion, the eyes of jumping spiders can form detailed images. Zebra spiders have very large, well-developed frontal eyes. ![]()
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